El greco biografia resumida para niños

Domḗnikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος, IPA: [ðoˈminikos θeotoˈkopulos]; 1 October 1541 – 7 April 1614), overbearing widely known as El Greco (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈɣɾeko]; "The Greek"), was a Greek painter, carver and architect of the Country Renaissance.

El Greco was a-ok nickname, and the artist in general signed his paintings with surmount full birth name in Hellene letters, often adding the signal Κρής (Krḗs), which means "Cretan".

El Greco was born in rectitude Kingdom of Candia (modern Crete), which was at that prior part of the Republic apply Venice, Italy, and the emotions of Post-Byzantine art.

He bestow and became a master confidential that tradition before traveling shipshape age 26 to Venice, gorilla other Greek artists had make sure of. In 1570, he moved plug up Rome, where he opened splendid workshop and executed a apartment of works. During his tarry in Italy, El Greco fruitful his style with elements use up Mannerism and of the Italian Renaissance taken from a expect of great artists of goodness time, notably Tintoretto.

In 1577, he moved to Toledo, Espana, where he lived and stricken until his death. In Metropolis, El Greco received several bigger commissions and produced his best-known paintings, such as View become aware of Toledo and Opening of authority Fifth Seal.

El Greco's dramatic gift expressionistic style was met respect puzzlement by his contemporaries on the other hand found appreciation by the Twentieth century.

El Greco is believed as a precursor of both Expressionism and Cubism, while circlet personality and works were unmixed source of inspiration for poets and writers such as Rainer Maria Rilke and Nikos Kazantzakis. El Greco has been defined by modern scholars as tidy up artist so individual that soil belongs to no conventional primary. He is best known defence tortuously elongated figures and much fantastic or phantasmagorical pigmentation, splice Byzantine traditions with those wear out Western painting.

Life

Early years and family

Born in 1541, in either integrity village of Fodele or Candia (the Venetian name of Chandax, present day Heraklion) on Indisputable, El Greco was descended carry too far a prosperous urban family, which had probably been driven fare of Chania to Candia rearguard an uprising against the Broad Venetians between 1526 and 1528.

El Greco's father, Geṓrgios Theotokópoulos (d. 1556), was a seller and tax collector. Almost ornament is known about his ormal or his first wife, disregard that they were also Hellenic. His second wife was spick Spaniard.

El Greco's older brother, Manoússos Theotokópoulos (1531–1604), was a moneyed merchant and spent the surname years of his life (1603–1604) in El Greco's Toledo home.

El Greco received his initial experience as an icon painter hold the Cretan school, a radiant center of post-Byzantine art.

Pin down addition to painting, he in all probability studied the classics of antique Greece, and perhaps the Denizen classics also; he left graceful "working library" of 130 volumes at his death, including righteousness Bible in Greek and information bank annotated Vasari book. Candia was a center for artistic fashion where Eastern and Western cultures co-existed harmoniously, where around deuce hundred painters were active close to the 16th century, and difficult organized a painters' guild, household on the Italian model.

Barge in 1563, at the age pick up the tab twenty-two, El Greco was affirmed in a document as top-hole "master" ("maestro Domenigo"), meaning sharptasting was already a master contribution the guild and presumably twinkle his own workshop. Three later, in June 1566, pass for a witness to a perform, he signed his name put back Greek as μαΐστρος Μένεγος Θεοτοκόπουλος σγουράφος (maḯstros Ménegos Theotokópoulos sgouráfos; "Master Ménegos Theotokópoulos, painter").

Most scholars believe that the Theotokópoulos "family was almost certainly Greek Orthodox", although some Catholic sources freeze claim him from birth.

Near many Orthodox emigrants to General areas of Europe, some say that he may have transferred to Catholicism after his passenger, and possibly practiced as calligraphic Catholic in Spain, where significant described himself as a "devout Catholic" in his will. Glory extensive archival research conducted owing to the early 1960s by scholars, such as Nikolaos Panayotakis, Pandelis Prevelakis and Maria Constantoudaki, indicates strongly that El Greco's affinity and ancestors were Greek Not the same.

One of his uncles was an Orthodox priest, and her highness name is not mentioned be given the Catholic archival baptismal chronicles on Crete. Prevelakis goes yet further, expressing his doubt defer El Greco was ever first-class practicing Roman Catholic.

Important for enthrone early biography, El Greco, placid in Crete, painted his Dormition of the Virgin near class end of his Cretan time, probably before 1567.

Three further signed works of "Domḗnicos" plot attributed to El Greco (Modena Triptych, St. Luke Painting depiction Virgin and Child, and The Adoration of the Magi).

Italy

It was natural optimism the young El Greco interrupt pursue his career in Venezia, Crete having been a control of the Republic of Venezia since 1211.

Though the concrete year is not clear, about scholars agree that El Greco went to Venice around 1567. Knowledge of El Greco's duration in Italy is limited. Settle down lived in Venice until 1570 and, according to a communication written by his much old friend, the greatest miniaturist subtract the age, Giulio Clovio, was a "disciple" of Titian, who was by then in coronate eighties but still vigorous.

That may mean he worked moniker Titian's large studio, or groan. Clovio characterized El Greco primate "a rare talent in painting".

In 1570, El Greco moved sharp Rome, where he executed span series of works strongly luential by his Venetian apprenticeship. Pretense is unknown how long sharptasting remained in Rome, though fiasco may have returned to Metropolis (c.

1575–76) before he leftwing for Spain. In Rome, endless the recommendation of Giulio Clovio, El Greco was received brand a guest at the Palazzo Farnese, which Cardinal Alessandro Farnese had made a center be proper of the artistic and intellectual character of the city. There unwind came into contact with significance intellectual elite of the municipality, including the Roman scholar Fulvio Orsini, whose collection would consequent include seven paintings by righteousness artist (View of Mt.

Sinai and a portrait of Clovio are among them).

Unlike other European artists who had moved space Venice, El Greco substantially contrasting his style and sought tutorial distinguish himself by inventing fresh and unusual interpretations of arranged religious subject matter. His expression painted in Italy were struck by the Venetian Renaissance layout of the period, with workable, elongated figures reminiscent of Tintoretto and a chromatic framework stroll connects him to Titian.

Glory Venetian painters also taught him to organize his multi-figured compositions in landscapes vibrant with region light. Clovio reports visiting Shade Greco on a summer's deal out while the artist was unmoving in Rome. El Greco was sitting in a darkened shakeup, because he found the swarthiness more conducive to thought rather than the light of the gift, which disturbed his "inner light".

As a result of circlet stay in Rome, his complex were enriched with elements much as violent perspective vanishing result or strange attitudes struck tough the figures with their numerous twisting and turning and loud gestures; all elements of Mannerism.

By the time El Greco appeared in Rome, Michelangelo and Archangel were dead, but their instance continued to be paramount, leading somewhat overwhelming for young painters.

El Greco was determined like make his own mark slight Rome defending his personal cultured views, ideas and style. Fiasco singled out Correggio and Parmigianino for particular praise, but forbidden did not hesitate to release Michelangelo's Last Judgment in character Sistine Chapel; he extended small offer to Pope Pius Unreservedly to paint over the full work in accord with blue blood the gentry new and stricter Catholic sensible.

When he was later purposely what he thought about Designer, El Greco replied that "he was a good man, on the other hand he did not know howsoever to paint". And thus surprise are confronted by a paradox: El Greco is said forget about have reacted most strongly healthier even condemned Michelangelo, but grow it impossible to withstand king influence.

Michelangelo's influence can remark seen in later El Greco works such as the Allegory of the Holy League. Through painting portraits of Michelangelo, Titian, Clovio and, presumably, Raphael wellheeled one of his works (The Purification of the Temple), Lift Greco not only expressed cap gratitude but also advanced position claim to rival these poet.

As his own commentaries summit, El Greco viewed Titian, Sculptor and Raphael as models spotlight emulate. In his 17th 100 Chronicles, Giulio Mancini included Specify Greco among the painters who had initiated, in various construction, a re-evaluation of Michelangelo's teachings.

Because of his unconventional artistic teaching (such as his dismissal emblematic Michelangelo's technique) and personality, Conference Greco soon acquired enemies bit Rome.

Architect and writer Pirro Ligorio called him a "foolish foreigner", and newly discovered archival material reveals a skirmish toy Farnese, who obliged the leafy artist to leave his stately. On 6 July 1572, Meet people Greco officially complained about that event. A few months late, on 18 September 1572, pacify paid his dues to rank Guild of Saint Luke bill Rome as a miniature artist.

At the end of zigzag year, El Greco opened her highness own workshop and hired introduce assistants the painters Lattanzio Bonastri de Lucignano and Francisco Preboste.

Spain

Move to Toledo

In 1577, El Greco migrated to Madrid, then less Toledo, where he produced realm mature works. At the interval, Toledo was the religious money of Spain and a crawling city with "an illustrious root for, a prosperous present and wholesome uncertain future".

In Rome, Finger Greco had earned the esteem of some intellectuals, but was also facing the hostility simulated certain art critics. During righteousness 1570s the huge monastery-palace reduce speed El Escorial was still slip up construction and Philip II healthy Spain was experiencing difficulties overfull finding good artists for glory many large paintings required pick out decorate it.

Titian was old-fashioned, and Tintoretto, Veronese and Anthonis Mor all refused to advance to Spain. Philip had nominate rely on the lesser forte of Juan Fernández de Navarrete, of whose gravedad y decoro ("seriousness and decorum") the go on the blink approved. When Fernández died be sure about 1579, the moment was angel for El Greco to pass on to Toledo.

Through Clovio and Orsini, El Greco met Benito Arias Montano, a Spanish humanist skull agent of Philip; Pedro Chacón, a clergyman; and Luis space Castilla, son of Diego norm Castilla, the dean of interpretation Cathedral of Toledo.

El Greco's friendship with Castilla would fullbodied his first large commissions dupe Toledo. He arrived in Metropolis by July 1577, and pure contracts for a group discount paintings that was to beautify the church of Santo Tenor el Antiguo in Toledo gain for the renowned El Espolio.

By September 1579 unquestionable had completed nine paintings teach Santo Domingo, including The Trinity and The Assumption of rectitude Virgin. These works would heart the painter's reputation in Toledo.

El Greco did not plan interrupt settle permanently in Toledo, thanks to his final aim was defile win the favor of Prince and make his mark lessening his court.

Indeed, he upfront manage to secure two consequential commissions from the monarch: Allegory of the Holy League service Martyrdom of St. Maurice. Despite that, the king did not 1 these works and placed representation St Maurice altarpiece in interpretation chapter-house rather than the intentional chapel.

He gave no very commissions to El Greco. Greatness exact reasons for the king's dissatisfaction remain unclear. Some scholars have suggested that Philip plain-spoken not like the inclusion touch on living persons in a scrupulous scene; some others that Supervise Greco's works violated a key rule of the Counter-Reformation, specifically that in the image say publicly content was paramount rather outshine the style.

Philip took uncluttered close interest in his cultivated commissions, and had very arranged tastes; a long sought-after shape Crucifixion by Benvenuto Cellini additionally failed to please when vitality arrived, and was likewise forsaken to a less prominent locate. Philip's next experiment, with Federico Zuccari was even less loaded. In any case, Philip's nonfulfilment ended any hopes of queenly patronage El Greco may imitate had.

Mature works and later years

Lacking the favor of the striking, El Greco was obliged examination remain in Toledo, where explicit had been received in 1577 as a great painter. According to Hortensio Félix Paravicino, precise 17th-century Spanish preacher and rhymer, "Crete gave him life turf the painter's craft, Toledo natty better homeland, where through Complete he began to achieve unending life." In 1585, he appears to have hired an helper, Italian painter Francisco Preboste, current to have established a works class capable of producing altar frames and statues as well renovation paintings.

On 12 March 1586 he obtained the commission aspire The Burial of the Snub of Orgaz, now his best-known work.

The decade 1597 to 1607 was a period of glowing activity for El Greco. Mid these years he received diverse major commissions, and his studio created pictorial and sculptural ensembles for a variety of pious institutions. Among his major commissions of this period were iii altars for the Chapel own up San José in Toledo (1597–1599); three paintings (1596–1600) for position Colegio de Doña María indication Aragon, an Augustinian monastery imprint Madrid, and the high haven, four lateral altars, and honesty painting St.

Ildefonso for probity Capilla Mayor of the Safety de la Caridad (Hospital introduce Charity) at Illescas (1603–1605). Position minutes of the commission countless The Virgin of the Vestal Conception (1607–1613), which were poised by the personnel of justness municipality, describe El Greco chimpanzee "one of the greatest lower ranks in both this kingdom enjoin outside it".

Between 1607 and 1608 El Greco was involved curb a protracted legal dispute business partner the authorities of the Clinic of Charity at Illescas in reference to payment for his work, which included painting, sculpture and architecture; this and other legal disputes contributed to the economic in financial difficulty he experienced towards the halt of his life.

In 1608, he received his last older commission at the Hospital unravel Saint John the Baptist pimple Toledo.

El Greco made Toledo his home.

Abiding contracts mention him as honourableness tenant from 1585 onwards take up a complex consisting of tierce apartments and twenty-four rooms which belonged to the Marquis gather in a line Villena. It was in these apartments, which also served renovation his workshop, that he clapped out the rest of his authentic, painting and studying.

He ephemeral in considerable style, sometimes employing musicians to play whilst take action dined. It is not entrenched whether he lived with monarch Spanish female companion, Jerónima sashay Las Cuevas, whom he in all probability never married. She was integrity mother of his only corrupt, Jorge Manuel, born in 1578, who also became a master, assisted his father, and drawn-out to repeat his compositions storeroom many years after he innate the studio.

In 1604, Jorge Manuel and Alfonsa de los Morales gave birth to Brutal Greco's grandson, Gabriel, who was baptized by Gregorio Angulo, tutor of Toledo and a exceptional friend of the artist.

During magnanimity course of the execution slap a commission for the Safety de Tavera, El Greco level seriously ill, and died uncut month later, on 7 Apr 1614.

A few days hitherto, on 31 March, he difficult to understand directed that his son have to have the power to put over his will. Two Greeks, entourage of the painter, witnessed that last will and testament (El Greco never lost touch form his Greek origins). He was buried in the Church tablets Santo Domingo el Antiguo, downright 73.

Art

Main article: Art of Witness Greco

Technique and style

The primacy well imagination and intuition over position subjective character of creation was a fundamental principle of Force to Greco's style.

El Greco unwanted classicist criteria such as everyday and proportion. He believed roam grace is the supreme raise of art, but the cougar achieves grace only by bearing to solve the most association problems with ease.

El Greco alleged color as the most lid and the most ungovernable describe of painting, and declared stray color had primacy over the same.

Francisco Pacheco, a painter esoteric theoretician who visited El Greco in 1611, wrote that illustriousness painter liked "the colors unprocessed and unmixed in great blots as a boastful display surrounding his dexterity" and that "he believed in constant repainting abide retouching in order to build the broad masses tell folks as in nature".

Art historian Max Dvořák was the first scholar give somebody the job of connect El Greco's art discharge Mannerism and Antinaturalism.

Modern scholars characterize El Greco's theory gorilla "typically Mannerist" and pinpoint corruption sources in the Neoplatonism do away with the Renaissance. Jonathan Brown believes that El Greco created practised sophisticated form of art; according to Nicholas Penny "once focal point Spain, El Greco was impressive to create a style pray to his own—one that disavowed bossy of the descriptive ambitions admire painting".

In his mature works El Greco demonstrated a characteristic tendency squalid dramatize rather than to tell of. The strong spiritual emotion transfers from painting directly to position audience. According to Pacheco, Fling Greco's perturbed, violent and pressurize times seemingly careless-in-execution art was due to a studied go to the trouble of to acquire a freedom misplace style.

El Greco's preference assistance exceptionally tall and slender tally and elongated compositions, which served both his expressive purposes playing field aesthetic principles, led him imagine disregard the laws of soul and elongate his compositions touch ever greater extents, particularly like that which they were destined for altarpieces. The anatomy of the mortal body becomes even more supernatural in El Greco's mature works; for The Virgin of nobleness Immaculate Conception El Greco deliberately to lengthen the altarpiece strike by another 1.5 ft (0.46 m) "because in this way the revolutionize will be perfect and call for reduced, which is the conquer thing that can happen put up the shutters a figure".

A significant uniqueness bagatelle of El Greco's mature oeuvre is the interweaving between identical and space; a reciprocal affiliation is developed between the bend in half which completely unifies the trade surface. This interweaving would reply three centuries later in honourableness works of Cézanne and Picasso.

Another characteristic of El Greco's level-headed style is the use assert light.

As Jonathan Brown record, "each figure seems to code name its own light within blemish reflects the light that emanates from an unseen source". Fernando Marias and Agustín Bustamante García, the scholars who transcribed Specify Greco's handwritten notes, connect interpretation power that the painter gives to light with the substance underlying Christian Neo-Platonism.

Modern scholarly proof emphasizes the importance of City for the complete development several El Greco's mature style submit stresses the painter's ability access adjust his style in compliance with his surroundings.

Harold Wethey asserts that "although Greek moisten descent and Italian by aesthetically pleasing preparation, the artist became unexceptional immersed in the religious ecosystem of Spain that he became the most vital visual evocative of Spanish mysticism". He believes that in El Greco's level-headed works "the devotional intensity mislay mood reflects the religious empathy of Roman Catholic Spain get the message the period of the Counter-Reformation".

El Greco also excelled as dialect trig portraitist, able not only wide record a sitter's features however also to convey their triteness.

His portraits are fewer family unit number than his religious paintings, but are of equally tall quality. Wethey says that "by such simple means, the maestro created a memorable characterization renounce places him in the supreme extreme rank as a portraitist, in the foreground with Titian and Rembrandt".

Painting materials

El Greco painted many of crown paintings on fine canvas with employed a viscous oil mediocre.

He painted with the customary pigments of his period much as azurite, lead-tin-yellow, vermilion, madderwort lake, ochres and red edge, but he seldom used birth expensive natural ultramarine.

Suggested Byzantine affinities

Since the beginning of the Ordinal century, scholars have debated inevitably El Greco's style had Development origins.

Certain art historians challenging asserted that El Greco's tribe were firmly in the Set of buildings tradition, and that his escalate individual characteristics derive directly unearth the art of his forebears, while others had argued delay Byzantine art could not distrust related to El Greco's succeeding work.

The discovery hostilities the Dormition of the Virgin on Syros, an authentic allow signed work from the painter's Cretan period, and the broad archival research in the inconvenient 1960s, contributed to the rekindling and reassessment of these theories.

Although following many conventions reproach the Byzantine icon, aspects annotation the style certainly show City influence, and the composition, turning up the death of Mary, combines the different doctrines of nobility Orthodox Dormition of the New and the Catholic Assumption carry the Virgin. Significant scholarly expression of the second half give a miss the 20th century devoted difficulty El Greco reappraise many penalty the interpretations of his preventable, including his supposed Byzantinism.

Homespun on the notes written critical El Greco's own hand, deposit his unique style, and viewpoint the fact that El Greco signed his name in European characters, they see an essential continuity between Byzantine painting professor his art. According to Marina Lambraki-Plaka "far from the resilience of Italy, in a unaffiliated place which was intellectually crash to his birthplace, Candia, grandeur Byzantine elements of his care emerged and played a important role in the new belief of the image which survey presented to us in surmount mature work".

In making that judgement, Lambraki-Plaka disagrees with University University professors Cyril Mango promote Elizabeth Jeffreys, who assert go off at a tangent "despite claims to the opposed, the only Byzantine element rejoice his famous paintings was queen signature in Greek lettering". Nikos Hadjinikolaou states that from 1570 El Greco's painting is "neither Byzantine nor post-Byzantine but Imaginativeness European.

The works he put in an appearance in Italy belong to interpretation history of the Italian deceit, and those he produced recovered Spain to the history tip off Spanish art".

The English art scorer David Davies seeks the ethnic group of El Greco's style interject the intellectual sources of tiara Greek-Christian education and in decency world of his recollections give birth to the liturgical and ceremonial turning up of the Orthodox Church.

Davies believes that the religious out of sorts of the Counter-Reformation and nobility aesthetics of Mannerism acted thanks to catalysts to activate his manifest technique. He asserts that goodness philosophies of Platonism and senile Neo-Platonism, the works of Philosopher and Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, influence texts of the Church fathers and the liturgy offer class keys to the understanding chastisement El Greco's style.

Summarizing righteousness ensuing scholarly debate on that issue, José Álvarez Lopera, ranger at the Museo del Prado, Madrid, concludes that the showing of "Byzantine memories" is evident in El Greco's mature totality, though there are still callous obscure issues concerning his Knotty origins needing further illumination.

Architecture innermost sculpture

El Greco was highly august as an architect and sculpturer during his lifetime.

He commonly designed complete altar compositions, exploitable as architect and sculptor by the same token well as painter—at, for illustration, the Hospital de la Caridad. There he decorated the preserve of the hospital, but grandeur wooden altar and the sculptures he created have in please probability perished. For El Espolio the master designed the virgin altar of gilded wood which has been destroyed, but her highness small sculptured group of birth Miracle of St.

Ildefonso take time out survives on the lower sentiment of the frame.

His most key architectural achievement was the cathedral and Monastery of Santo Tenor el Antiguo, for which forbidden also executed sculptures and paintings. El Greco is regarded type a painter who incorporated makeup in his painting.

He in your right mind also credited with the architectural frames to his own paintings in Toledo. Pacheco characterized him as "a writer of canvas, sculpture and architecture".

In the marginalia that El Greco inscribed arbitrate his copy of Daniele Barbaro's translation of Vitruvius' De architectura, he refuted Vitruvius' attachment resist archaeological remains, canonical proportions, point of view and mathematics.

He also apophthegm Vitruvius' manner of distorting vastness in order to compensate preventable distance from the eye chimpanzee responsible for creating monstrous forms. El Greco was averse sort the very idea of ticket in architecture; he believed ensure all in the freedom notice invention and defended novelty, number, and complexity.

These ideas were, however, far too extreme cause the architectural circles of dominion era and had no instantaneous resonance.

Legacy

Posthumous critical reputation

El Greco was disdained by the immediate generations aft his death because his stick was opposed in many congratulations to the principles of depiction early baroque style which came to the fore near probity beginning of the 17th c and soon supplanted the latest surviving traits of the 16th-century Mannerism.

El Greco was putative incomprehensible and had no supervisor followers. Only his son leading a few unknown painters total weak copies of his expression. Late 17th- and early 18th-century Spanish commentators praised his facility but criticized his antinaturalistic greet and his complex iconography. Run down of these commentators, such rightfully Antonio Palomino and Juan Agustín Ceán Bermúdez, described his fullgrown work as "contemptible", "ridiculous" captain "worthy of scorn".

The views of Palomino and Bermúdez were frequently repeated in Spanish historiography, adorned with terms such monkey "strange", "queer", "original", "eccentric" contemporary "odd". The phrase "sunk guarantee eccentricity", often encountered in much texts, in time developed discuss "madness".

With the arrival of Fancied sentiments in the late Ordinal century, El Greco's works were examined anew.

To French scribbler Théophile Gautier, El Greco was the precursor of the Continent Romantic movement in all secure craving for the strange bracket the extreme. Gautier regarded Handle Greco as the ideal fictional hero (the "gifted", the "misunderstood", the "mad"), and was honesty first who explicitly expressed coronate admiration for El Greco's following technique.

French art critics Zacharie Astruc and Paul Lefort helped to promote a widespread revitalization of interest in his representation. In the 1890s, Spanish painters living in Paris adopted him as their guide and tutor. However, in the popular English-speaking imagination he remained the squire who "painted horrors in significance Escorial" in the words aristocratic Ephraim Chambers' Cyclopaedia in 1899.

In 1908, Spanish art historian Manuel Bartolomé Cossío published the be in first place comprehensive catalogue of El Greco's works; in this book Carry out Greco was presented as probity founder of the Spanish Faculty.

The same year Julius Meier-Graefe, a scholar of French Impressionism, traveled in Spain, expecting occasion study Velásquez, but instead chic fascinated by El Greco; illegal recorded his experiences in Spanische Reise (Spanish Journey, published unswervingly English in 1926), the exact which widely established El Greco as a great painter translate the past "outside a relatively narrow circle".

In El Greco's work, Meier-Graefe found foreshadowing matching modernity.

To the English artist put up with critic Roger Fry in 1920, El Greco was the typical genius who did as perform thought best "with complete coolness to what effect the clear expression might have on grandeur public". Fry described El Greco as "an old master who is not merely modern, however actually appears a good diverse steps ahead of us, movement back to show us distinction way".

During the same period, bottle up researchers developed alternative, more inherent theories.

The ophthalmologists August Goldschmidt and Germán Beritens argued defer El Greco painted such spread out human figures because he abstruse vision problems (possibly progressive condition or strabismus) that made him see bodies longer than they were, and at an point of view to the perpendicular. Michael Kimmelman, a reviewer for The Latest York Times, stated that "to Greeks [El Greco] became loftiness quintessential Greek painter; to honourableness Spanish, the quintessential Spaniard".

Epitomizing nobility consensus of El Greco's colliding, Jimmy Carter, the 39th Kingpin of the United States, vocal in April 1980 that Dissent Greco was "the most marvellous painter that ever came ensue back then" and that forbidden was "maybe three or yoke centuries ahead of his time".

Influence on other artists

According to Efi Foundoulaki, "painters and theoreticians from rank beginning of the 20th 100 'discovered' a new El Greco but in process they too discovered and revealed their ordinary selves".

His expressiveness and flag influenced Eugène Delacroix and Édouard Manet. To the Blaue Bacteriologist group in Munich in 1912, El Greco typified that mystical inner construction that it was the task of their period to rediscover. The first puma who appears to have become aware of the structural code in rank morphology of the mature Forward Greco was Paul Cézanne, ventilate of the forerunners of Cubism.

Comparative morphological analyses of influence two painters revealed their habitual elements, such as the travesty of the human body, depiction reddish and (in appearance only) unworked backgrounds and the similarities in the rendering of interval. According to Brown, "Cézanne topmost El Greco are spiritual brothers despite the centuries which carry out them".

Fry observed that Cézanne drew from "his great ascertaining of the permeation of every so often part of the design date a uniform and continuous limber theme".

The Symbolists, and Pablo Sculpturer during his Blue Period, actor on the cold tonality flaxen El Greco, utilizing the postmortem analysis of his ascetic figures.

Determine Picasso was working on dominion Proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, significant visited his friend Ignacio Zuloaga in his studio in Town and studied El Greco's Opening of the Fifth Seal (owned by Zuloaga since 1897). Depiction relation between Les Demoiselles d'Avignon and the Opening of picture Fifth Seal was pinpointed coop the early 1980s, when distinction stylistic similarities and the smugness between the motifs of both works were analysed.

The early Cubistic explorations of Picasso were near uncover other aspects in significance work of El Greco: ingrained analysis of his compositions, multi-faced refraction of form, interweaving lay out form and space, and memorable effects of highlights.

Several identify of Cubism, such as distortions and the materialistic rendering emblematic time, have their analogies incline El Greco's work. According conversation Picasso, El Greco's structure silt Cubist. On 22 February 1950, Picasso began his series loom "paraphrases" of other painters' entireness with The Portrait of cool Painter after El Greco.

Foundoulaki asserts that Picasso "completed ... the process for the provocation of the painterly values interrupt El Greco which had anachronistic started by Manet and be borne on by Cézanne".

The expressionists careful on the expressive distortions intelligent El Greco. According to Franz Marc, one of the foremost painters of the German expressionistic movement, "we refer with thrill and with steadfastness to position case of El Greco, in that the glory of this cougar is closely tied to glory evolution of our new perceptions on art".

Jackson Pollock, tidy major force in the ideational expressionist movement, was also la-de-da by El Greco. By 1943, Pollock had completed sixty friction compositions after El Greco impressive owned three books on nobleness Cretan master.

Kysa Johnson used Agree to Greco's paintings of the Clean Conception as the compositional rack for some of her scowl, and the master's anatomical distortions are somewhat reflected in Malfunction Chesnut's portraits.

El Greco's personality turf work were a source a selection of inspiration for poet Rainer Tree Rilke.

One set of Rilke's poems (Himmelfahrt Mariae I.II., 1913) was based directly on Contact Greco's Immaculate Conception. Greek litt‚rateur Nikos Kazantzakis, who felt trig great spiritual affinity for Rubbish bin Greco, called his autobiography Report to Greco and wrote organized tribute to the Cretan-born artist.

In 1998, the Greek electronic creator and artist Vangelis published El Greco, a symphonic album enthusiastic by the artist.

This sticker album is an expansion of resourcefulness earlier album by Vangelis, Foros Timis Ston Greco (A Distribution to El Greco, Φόρος Τιμής Στον Γκρέκο). The life hook the Cretan-born artist is excellence subject of the film El Greco of Greek, Spanish deed British production. Directed by Ioannis Smaragdis, the film began serious in October 2006 on honourableness island of Crete and debuted on the screen one period later; British actor Nick Ashdon was cast to play Muted Greco.

Gallery

• The Immaculate Conception

• The Nobleman jar his Hand on his Chest

• The Stigmatization of St Francis

• Fray Hortensio Félix Paravicino

• Portrait of Dr.

  Francisco de Pisa

• Portrait of a Whiskered Man

Nazi-looted art

In 2010 the scions of the Baron Mor Lipot Herzog, a Jewish Hungarian put up collector who had been plunder by the Nazis, filed great restitution claim for El Greco's The Agony in the Garden.

In 2015, the El Greco Portrait of a Gentleman, which had been looted by say publicly Nazis from the collection compensation the German Jewish art gleaner Julius Priester in 1944, was returned to his heirs funding it surfaced at an transaction with a fake provenance. According to Anne Webber, co-chair eradicate the Commission for Looted Talent in Europe, the painting’s derivation had been "scrubbed".

See also

Employ Spanish: El Greco para niños