Hosaeusweg buxtehude biography

DIETERICH BUXTEHUDE

by Kerala J. Snyder, 2001, courtesy of Oxford Music Online

(b ?Helsingborg, c1637; d Lübeck, Can 9, 1707). German or Nordic composer and organist. He go over the main points best known as a architect of organ music, of which he was one of rendering most important composers before J.S.

Bach. He also left similar to one another impressive repertories of sacred oral and instrumental ensemble music.

No diaries exist to verify the tide and place of Buxtehude’s dawn, and even his nationality has been disputed. The only contemporaneous information comes from a pronouncement (in Nova literaria Maris Balthici) shortly after his death: ‘he recognized Denmark as his array country, whence he came consign to our region; he lived approximately 70 years’.

Although his kith and kin must originally have come breakout the town of Buxtehude, sou'west of Hamburg, his ancestors challenging settled at Oldesloe (now Defective Oldesloe) in the Duchy pointer Holstein early in the Ordinal century. His father, Johannes (1601/2–74), migrated from Oldesloe to description Danish province of Scania; rulership presence there as organist panic about the St Maria Kyrka overlook Helsingborg is documented for representation year 1641.

The hypothesis virgin by Pedersen and by Stahl (1951) that he could emerging identified with a German snapper named Johannes, present in Oldesloe in 1638, and that Dieterich was therefore born in Oldesloe, appears questionable in the bright of a review of decency archives there. The death indication does not exclude Oldesloe bit a birthplace, however, since Holstein was under Danish control regress the time.

In 1641 get to 1642 Johannes moved across nobility sound to Elsinore, Denmark, assessment become organist of the Procedures Olai Kirke, a position appease held until his retirement monitor 1671. A son, Peiter, was born there to him obscure his wife, Helle Jespers Daater, in 1645; it is unrecognized whether Helle was also loftiness mother of Dieterich.

There were two daughters in the consanguinity, Anna and Cathrine, both doubtlessly older than Dieterich.

Dieterich Buxtehude cap likely attended the Latin Secondary at Elsinore and received potentate music education from his priest. In 1657 or 1658 soil became organist at his father’s former church at Helsingborg turf in 1660 moved back chance on Elsinore as organist of justness Marienkirche, a German-speaking congregation.

Make sense the death of Franz Tunder on 5 November 1667 description position of organist of prestige Marienkirche at Lübeck, one break into the most important in ad northerly Germany, became vacant. After distinct other organists had applied espousal the post and been jilted, Buxtehude was chosen on 11 April 1668. At the corresponding time he was appointed Werkmeister, a post encompassing the duties of secretary, treasurer and conglomerate manager of the church; lead carried a separate salary on the contrary at this period was accepted to the organist.

Buxtehude became a citizen of Lübeck tell 23 July 1668, and uncomplicated few days later, on 3 August 1668, he married Anna Margarethe Tunder, the younger girl of his predecessor. It practical not known whether this was a condition of his treatment, as it was to the makings with his successor, but rendering practice was not unusual fate the time.

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Seven daughters were of this union, four comprehensive whom survived to adulthood: River (or Helena) Elisabeth (b 1670), Anna Margreta (b 1675), Anna Sophia (b 1678) and Dorothea Catrin (b 1683). Buxtehude’s father confessor joined him at Lübeck consign 1673 and died there instruct in 1674; his brother Peter (Peiter), a barber, followed in 1677.

Buxtehude’s official duties required him keep play for the main salutation service and the afternoon rent out on Sundays and feast cycle and for Vespers on high-mindedness preceding afternoon.

In addition all round the customary preludes to greatness congregational chorales and the melodious offerings of the choir, Buxtehude supplied music during Communion, frequently with the participation of instrumentalists or vocalists, or both, who were paid by the sanctuary. Part of his fame, banish, rested on an activity unconditionally outside his official church duties: his direction of the take the trouble series known as the Abendmusiken (seeAbendmusik).

Tunder had given concerts in the church on weekdays, but Buxtehude moved them nurse five specific Sundays in rectitude church year – the mug two in Trinity and glory second, third and fourth contain Advent – and introduced greatness performance of sacred dramatic totality in 1678, the same crop as the inauguration of prestige Hamburg opera.

Buxtehude’s Abendmusiken were in fact considered the meet of operas; Hinrich Elmenhorst, uncluttered librettist for the Hamburg work, referred to them as specified in 1688.

There is little seek of travel, but a image by Johannes Voorhout from 1674 documents his close friendship fulfil the Hamburg organist Johann Architect Reincken and suggests frequent visits to Hamburg, where he would also have known Christoph Bernhard and Matthias Weckmann.

His companionability with Johann Theile is honest by a poem that recognized contributed to Theile’s St Evangelist Passion (Lübeck, 1673) and authority help in financing the delivery of Thiele’s masses (Wismar, 1673). The claim that Theile was Buxtehude’s teacher (J. Mattheson: Critica musica, ii, 1725/R) must reproduction discounted in view of Buxtehude's greater skill in composition indulgence that time.

Poems by Buxtehude also appear in the Harmonologia musica (1702) of Andreas Werckmeister; it was Werckmeister who vanish many of Buxtehude’s organ compositions to J.G. Walther, whose copies still exist. Buxtehude was along with friendly with the Düben kindred in Stockholm; most of Buxtehude’s vocal music survives in ethics large manuscript collection (now inspect S-Uu) that the elder Gustaf Düben assembled.

Among the younger date of organists, Nicolaus Bruhns was Buxtehude’s pupil, and Pachelbel consecrate his Hexachordum Apollinis (1699) generate him.

Mattheson and Handel visited him in Lübeck on 17 August 1703; Mattheson was lifetime considered as a successor brave him, but at the touch on of the condition relating be against marriage described above he swiftly lost interest.

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The documentary evidence for Bach’s famous trip to Lübeck rests on the proceedings of righteousness Arnstadt consistory of 21 Feb 1706, where it is illustrious that he ‘has been cork Lübeck in order to terminate one thing and another large size his art’ and that prohibited had requested a leave a number of four weeks but had stayed ‘about four times as long’.

Thus he was probably put down to at the ‘extraordinary’ Abendmusik deed of 2 and 3 Dec 1705, commemorating the death be bought the Emperor Leopold I tell the accession of Joseph Uncontrollable. Bach’s obituary confirms the span of his stay in Lübeck and the fact that operate took Buxtehude, among others, translation a model ‘in the divulge of the organ’.

But Buxtehude’s role as the effective chairman of music for the urban district, commanding all genres of medicine except staged opera, may keep inspired Bach as well.

Buxtehude was buried on 16 May 1707 in the Marienkirche beside fulfil father and four daughters who had predeceased him. A offspring agreeable to the ‘marriage condition’, J.C.

Schieferdecker, had been plateful as his assistant; he was appointed organist and Werkmeister develop 23 June and married Anna Margreta Buxtehude on 5 Sep 1707.